That thing in the bedroom for storing clothes if you hang them up is a: chifferobe or wardrobe if its a freestanding object-if its built in its a closet. If you put folded clothes in it its a dresser or chest of drawers.

That thing in the passage for storing sheets/old books/whatever is a: trunk

That thing in the laundry for storing random laundry junk is a cabinet or closet or basket, depending on what the thing is.

That thing in the living room for displaying pretty crockery is a: China Hutch.